Cómo completar las planillas de Inmigración

Cã ³mo completar las planillas de Inmigraciã ³n Las peticiones al Servicio de Inmigraciã ³n y Naturalizaciã ³n (USCIS, siglas en inglã ©s), se hacen rellenando la planilla correspondiente al beneficio que se solicita. Cã ³mo obtener las planillas de Inmigraciã ³n Los formularios para solicitar beneficios migratorios child gratuitos. Casi tasks pueden encontrarse en web en la pgina del USCIS. Adems, las personas que residen en Estados Unidos pueden tambiã ©n solicitar por web en la pgina de USCIS que se les envã ­en por correo ordinario los formularios. Tambiã ©n se puede realizar la misma solicitud marcando al 1-800-870-3676. Es requisito saber quã © nã ºmero de formulario es el que precisa. En un plazo de 10 dã ­as se recibir en casa la planilla solicitada. Tasks los formularios se pueden rellenar en papel y, algunos, tambiã ©n pueden ser completados y/o enviados por web. 9 hints para rellenar las planillas en papel de Inmigraciã ³n Las reglas generales que deben seguirse child las siguientes: Escribir con tinta negra, preferentemente en letras mayã ºsculas y que puedan fcilmente leerse. Para espacio adicional, si para contestar an alguna pregunta de la planilla se necesita ms espacio, tomar una hoja en blanco y seguir con la respuesta. Adems, firmar esa hoja, ponerle fecha, y el nã ºmero de la pregunta que se est respondiendo. En el caso de que se tenga un nã ºmero del outsider enlistment number, deber tambiã ©n incluirse en dicha hoja adicional. Cuando una pregunta no aplique, responder N/A y cuando la respuesta correcta ocean â€Å"ninguno†, anotar NONE. Pero no dejar en blanco ese espacio. Para adjuntar la documentaciã ³n adicional, como pueden ser pasaportes, tarjetas de residencia, certificados de matrimonio, calificaciones escolares o profesionales, and so on. Salvo que se especifique otra cosa, es suficiente adjuntar una fotocopia decipherable de los documentos. Es recomendable scoff con detenimiento las instrucciones de cada formulario. Cabe destacar que si no es necesario enviar el unique de un documento pero se envã ­a, USCIS no lo regresa. Debe traducirse al inglã ©s task documentos que estã © en otro idioma. En la mayorã ­a de los casos, no es necesario contratar an un traductor jurado, ni obtener la Apostilla de la Haya ni la firma de un notario pã ºblico. Como regla general, es suficiente que la traducciã ³n la realice una persona con buen conocimiento de los dos idiomas y que asã ­ lo certifique siguiendo este modelo de carta. El pago puede hacerse por cash request o check o tarjeta de dã ©bito o crã ©dito. En este à ºltimo caso, solo si se envã ­a una solicitud an un lockbox de USCIS. En algunos casos, como en la solicitud I-131A de aplicaciã ³n de documento para viajar, es posible pagar on the web. Si se paga mediante cash request o check, debe ser pagable a U.S. Branch of Homeland Security, por una cantidad en dã ³lares y el check o la cash request debe ser de un banco radicado en Estados Unidos. Es muy importante no utilizar iniciales. Es decir, no escribir cosas como DHS o USCIS. Precisamente la verificaciã ³n de que se ha efectuado el pago es una de las primeras seã ±ales de que la oficina de inmigraciã ³n ha recibido la peticiã ³n. Si se desea pagar con una tarjeta de crã ©dito o dã ©bito Visa, MasterCard, American Express o Discovery debe completarse el formulario G-1450. Si cuando USCIS intenta cobrar no feed fondos suficientes, se rechazar la solicitud ya que no intentar el cobro una segunda vez. Para pagar con tarjeta de crã ©dito o dã ©bito debe tratarse de una peticiã ³n o solicitud enviada an un lockbox de USCIS. Como ejemplo de dichas peticiones destacan I-130 para peticiã ³n de recognizable, I-485 para ajuste de estatus, N-400 para solicitar la ciudadanã ­a estadounidense por naturalizaciã ³n, and so forth. Tasks los documentos deben firmarse, se puede firmar en tinta azul o negra. Pero recordar que el formulario solo se puede completar en tinta de shading negra. Bajo ningã ºn concepto utilizar colores tipo verde, rojo, and so forth., ya que la peticiã ³n ser rechazada. Verificar si se califica para no pagar la tarifaâ al USCIS. En casos muy especã ­ficos, puede solicitarse a USCIS no pagar por la cuota de una solicitud cuando pueda alegarse problemas econã ³micos y se estn recibiendo beneficios como Medicaid, cupones de alimentos (SNAP), SSI o TANF. Mentir en una planilla para obtener un beneficio migratorio es un fraude de ley que puede tenerâ consecuencias graves. Planillas que pueden rellenarse electrã ³nicamente El USCIS permite que se completen por web ciertas planillas en lo que se conoce como e-documenting. Entre las planillas que pueden rellenarse electrã ³nicamente destacan el AR-11 para notificar el cambio de domicilio, el I-90 para reemplazar la tarjeta de residencia, el N-400 para solicitar la ciudadanã ­a estadounidense por naturalizaciã ³n o el N-600 para la aplicaciã ³n de la emisiã ³n del Certificado de Ciudadanã ­a. Para completar de este modo las planillas ser necesario crearse previamente una cuenta en la pgina web del USCIS y seguir las instrucciones pertinentes para cada formulario. En estos casos de e-documenting, el pago por la solicitud a la que se aplica puede hacerse mediante tarjeta de crã ©dito, dã ©bito o transferencia bancaria desde una cuenta corriente o de ahorro. Al acabar de rellenar el formulario se recibir una confirmaciã ³n de que el USCIS ha recibido la aplicaciã ³n. En esa confirmaciã ³n aparecer una direcciã ³n. Debe enviarse a dicha direcciã ³n la documentaciã ³n adicional que se necesita en los 7 dã ­as siguientes a haber rellenado la solicitud por web. Estos documentos que deben adjuntarse estn los que prueban la identidad de la persona que realiza la peticiã ³n y tambiã ©n su derecho al beneficio que solicita. Por ejemplo, copia de la tarjeta de residencia o de un certificado de nacimiento o matrimonio. El tipo de documentaciã ³n adicional depende del tipo de solicitud. En general, ser suficiente una fotocopia readable del documento que se solicita y, si algã ºn documento est en un idioma distinto al inglã ©s, enviarlo traducido. Adems roughage que incluir como primera pgina la pgina en la que se ha imprimido la confirmaciã ³n de haber realizado la peticiã ³n por web â€sã ³lo esa hoja, no copias de toda la solicitud. En los casos en los que tambiã ©n se deba enviar fotografã ­as en shading tipo pasaporte, estas deben reunir los mismos requisitos que las fotos que se piden cuando se solicita una visa o pasaporte. Deben de tener menos de 30 dã ­as y anotar en el reverso con un lpiz el nã ºmero de confirmaciã ³n de la solicitud rellenada por web y, en los casos en los que ocean necesario, el nã ºmero que corresponda al outsider enlistment number. Si no se envã ­an estos documentos, es posible que se cancele la peticiã ³n. En algunos casos, se recibir una cara de Peticiã ³n de Evidencia (RFE, siglas en inglã ©s) pidiendo la documentaciã ³n y fijando un plazo para no enviarla. Sin esos documentos no se tramitar la peticiã ³n y se perder el dinero ya abonado. Asesorã ­a para completar las planillas de Inmigraciã ³n Si se desea obtener un beneficio migratorio es muy importante estar correctamente asesorado con un buen abogado. Si no se puede pagar, existen organizaciones reputadas que brindan ayuda para llenar los formularios migratorios. En el caso de ser mexicano, se puede llamar an un telã ©fono de consulta donde dan buenas referencias sobre donde buscar ayuda para estos casos. Cã ³mo seguir un caso migratorio Una vez que el USCIS recibe la papelerã ­a, la persona interesada tiene a su disposiciã ³n distintasâ maneras para informarse de cã ³mo va el caso, desde marcando a seguimiento online o a presentarse en una oficina migratoria. Sin ban, cabe destacar que los formularios tienen un tiempo de tramitaciã ³n que depende de su categorã ­a y de la oficina que debe tramitarlo. USCIS no dar ninguna informaciã ³n mientras no llega el tiempo de procesamiento porque, sencillamente, no tiene nothing de lo que brindar informaciã ³n. Puntos Clave: rellenar formularios de USCIS Los formularios de USCIS pueden obtenerse gratuitamente en la pgina oficial del Servicio de Inmigracià ³n.Los formularios pueden ser en papel y, en algunas anxieties, es posible utilizar el sistema e-recording, es decir, solicitar un beneficio o presentar una peticiã ³n por internet.Todos los formularios deben firmarse.Los formularios en papel deben completarse en tinta negra, escribir N/A como respuesta a las preguntas que no aplican y NONE cuando la respuesta ocean ninguno.Pueden aã ±adirse hojas en blanco para incorporar ms informacià ³n.Toda la documentaciã ³n adjunta debe traducirse al inglã ©s, si estuviera en un idioma distintoEn principio, no debe enviarse documentaciã ³n unique y es suficiente copia legible.Puede pagarse con cash request, check o tarjeta de crã ©dito o dà ©bito.Mentir en un formulario de USCIS para obtener un beneficio migratorio es un fraude de ley, el cual tiene consecuencias graves. Este es un artã ­culo informativo. No es asesorã ­a lawful para ningã ºn caso concreto.

Essay on Macbeth and its Unbelievable Lady :: GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

Macbeth and its Unbelievable Lady   â In William Shakespeare's disaster Macbeth which character is more creatively made than that of Lady Macbeth? Can a woman really think thusly without being called crazy. We analyze the different components of her character in this paper.  L.C. Knights in the paper Macbeth portrays the unnaturalness of Lady Macbeth's words and activities:  In this manner the feeling of the unnaturalness of fiendishness is evoked not exclusively be rehashed unequivocal references (nature's naughtiness, nature appears to be dead, 'Tis unnatural, even like the deed that is done, etc) however by the statement of unnatural opinions and an unnatural viciousness of tone in such things as Lady Macbeth's conjuring of the spirits who will unsex her, and her attestation that she would kill the angel at her bosom in the event that she had promised to do it. (95)  Samuel Johnson in The Plays of Shakespeare underscores how aspiration by the heroes prompts abhorrence with respect to the perusers:  The peril of desire is all around portrayed; and I know not whether it may not be said with regards to certain parts which presently appear to be doubtful, that, in Shakespeare's time, it was important to caution credulity against vain and illusive forecasts. The interests are coordinated to their actual end. Woman Macbeth is only disdained; and however the fortitude of Macbeth protects some regard, yet every peruser cheers at his fall. (133)  In Memoranda: Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth, Sarah Siddons remarks on the Lady's chilly way:  [Macbeth] declares the King's methodology; and she, unaware it ought to appear to all the hazards which he has experienced in fight, and to all the bliss of his sheltered come back to her, - for not one kind expression of welcome or congrats does she offer, - is so altogether gobbled up by the awful structure, which has likely been recommended to her by his letters, as to have overlooked both the one and the other. (56)  In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson depicts the job of Lady Macbeth:  Educator Kittredge used to call attention to his classes that Lady Macbeth, in encouraging Macbeth to act, utilizes the three contentions that each spouse, some time or other, uses to each husband: You guaranteed me you'd do it! You'd do it in the event that you adored me! On the off chance that I were a man, I'd do it without anyone else's help! But Macbeth's psyche is made up by her affirmation that they may do it securely by fixing the blame upon Duncan's chamberlains.

Decisions mailed;

Decisions mailed; At 3:08pm today, we completed the preparation of the decision mailing, and at a quarter to five, the mailman came to post the letters. Sadly, I missed the photo of the postman coming to take away the letters. We have admitted under 1500 students, for an all-time low admit rate of 14%. Fewer than 500 students are on the waitlist. More than 8,000 students, or 80+% of applicants, will receive letters informing them that we do not have room for them in the class. It has been our most competitive year ever, and the applications were simply fantastic. Im sad that we have to turn away 4 out of every 5 applicants. I wish I could say something inspirational here that would make the hurt of not being admitted go away, something that would make the vast majority of you not be disappointed. But theres really nothing more I can say. I hope this blog has been helpful for you this year, no matter how things turn out for you. I can tell you that the Admit Letter is 10 x 13, and the waitlist and deny letters each come in a standard #10 window envelope (4.125 x 9.5). Letters probably wont get too much farther than Metro Boston by tomorrows mail, so for most of you, decisions will arrive early next week (for many, on Pi Day!). Some folks were calling the office today asking for their decision (reasons: Im going on vacation, its my birthday, etc.), but we wont release any decisions over the phone until Friday, March 18. Thank you all for making my first year of blogging very interesting and enjoyable. Its been a great learning experience for me, and has allowed me to understand your thoughts and concerns better, and thus to be able to serve you better. Ive really enjoyed your ideas, thoughts, and comments. Thank you for reading and for being a great audience. This isnt to say that this is the end of blogging for me Ill keep going through May 1, into the summer, next years application cycle and for the foreseeable future. In fact, I received word today that Ive been accepted as a presenter at a national admissions conference in the fall, where Ill try to convince more admissions offices and officers across the country to blog. I hope you have a great weekend. Best wishes to all of you.

The Effects Of The War On The PeopleS Property And Their

The effects of the war on the people s property and their children made people to oppose the revolution. Wealthy parents and the right wing politicians saw it as a movement that was out to destroy property and kill their children. Che Guevara describes the morning attack on Moncada garrison as a disaster because many of the rebels were killed on that day and a good number, including their leaders, were detained (Guevara, p.128). In Old Rosa: A Novel in Two Stories, Rosa is dejected that her son, Armando, has joined the war and might not come back. Though she clings on the thin line of hope that he will eventually show up, she understands that it might not be the case. Perhaps he could be shot dead or detained for several years (Arenas,†¦show more content†¦The Cubans who worked on the farms got little from the produce. They felt as if they were working for the foreigner who did not appreciate their efforts. Castro s movement promised people better returns from their farming efforts; he talked the same language with the masses, and they backed him through the problems and the challenges believing that he was going to do something about it (Guevara, p. 130). He, later on, fulfilled what he had promised during the struggle for liberation. Education played a significant role in convincing the people to support the revolutionary course. Fidel Castro had a vision for the people. He envisioned a country where the economic and social environment would be improved drastically. However, he also knew that the masses needed enlightenment so as to know their rights and help in the nation-building activities. The government started a literacy program in which people volunteered to go and assist in educating fellow country men and women of basic concepts (Chomsky, Barry Pamela, p.389). Education is the cornerstone of any significant advancement in any country. In nations where there lacks educated masses, the governments have to seek help from experts in from another country, to whom they pay money that would have been invested in other sectors. Castro s government set up a plan to have the people educated by locals and volunteersShow MoreRelatedEffects of Chinese Communist Revolution Essay860 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Ch inese Communist Revolution In 1949, the Chinese Communist Party won the civil war and established People Republic of China. The new communist government, led by chairman Mao Zedong, launched the Communist Revolution to reform the country that had suffered wars and social turbulence for decades. China was reborn and changed in many aspects during these years of revolution, and the communist party also gradually consoled its control in these years. One of the first changes in the CommunistRead MoreAn Inquisition Of Privacy And The United States1565 Words   |  7 Pages1215 by King John of England, it was intended to limit the King’s powers and ensure rights to the common people, including those involving property and privacy. British philosopher John Locke elaborated on this idea of a right to privacy when he said, â€Å"As much land as a man tills, plants, improves, cultivates, and can use the product of, so much is his property. He by his labour does, as it were, enclose it from the common.† These ideas and others eventually led to the induction of constitutionalRead MoreCommunism in China Essays841 Words   |  4 Pagespromotes a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of all property and the means of production, where by all work is shared and all proceeds are commonly owned. Communism is practised in China, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. However most of the world’s communist go vernments have been disbanded since the end of World War II. Soon after the Japanese surrendered at the end of World War II, Communist forces began a war against the Kuomintang in China. The Communists gradually gained controlRead MoreSlavery And The American Revolution938 Words   |  4 Pagescolonies. Two major changes of beliefs were in the concept of slavery and also the roles of women in society. The American Revolution was partly based on the right for American’s to control their own property. At this time property could include other human beings. Before the revolutionary war, slavery was a central institution in American society in the late 18th century. Although it had its challenges, such as in the document Washington Returns Slaves to their Owners. Here it describes howRead MoreChinese Foreign Trade Relations : Intellectual Property Enforcement Context1164 Words   |  5 PagesChinese Foreign Trade Relations: Intellectual Property Enforcement Context I. Introduction American businesses are losing up to an estimated $60 billion each year in the global market from intellectual property violations. The problem continues to grow as more American companies invest overseas, and more products consist of intangible or intellectual property. American companies face more than just economic challenges: if losses of intellectual property rights continue to go unchecked, businessesRead MoreEssay on American Civil War and Fugitive Slave Act743 Words   |  3 PagesEmancipation Without Freedom,† of A People’s History of the United States, Howard Zinn takes about the slave rebellions, abolition movement, the Civil War, and these effects on African Americans. Zinn included this chapter to explain the life of African Americans before and after the Civil War and their treatment accordingly. Howard Zinn explains how the life of an African American remained cruel and taken advantage of through explaining the life of a slave before the War and then t he mentality that whitesRead MoreEssay about The Role of Property598 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of Property In the seventeenth-century, England was recovering from the Glorious Revolution and political thought centered on the issues of nature and the limits of government. Two great political thinkers, John Locke and Thomas Hobbes took a scientific approach to analyze government and focused on the state of nature and natural rights of individuals. Locke was particularly interested in property and governments role in the protection of property. He believed that God gave theRead MoreOutline Of The Manhattan Project1621 Words   |  7 Pagesweapon. II. Why did the U.S join World War II and who were they align with? Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt declared that the U.S. would enter World War II Align with Great Britain, France and Russia III. What organization formed the MED and what city were they in? The OSRD formed the Manhattan Engineer District It was based at New York City  The Manhattan Project was a search and develop during second world war that made the first nuclear weapon. It was createdRead MoreThe Blockade Of The United States Essay741 Words   |  3 PagesThe blockade was put into effect shortly after the attack on Fort Sumter. On April 19, 1861, Lincoln issued a proclamation for a Union blockade to surround South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Later on April 27, Lincoln extended the blockade to include the states of North Carolina and Virginia. The blockade’s purpose was to stop the flow of trade goods, weapons, and supplies between the southern states and other nations. This war tactic placed an enormousRead MoreThe Division Of The Nineteenth Century1387 Words   |  6 Pageshaving higher salaries than females at that time; people who were in the upper class were undoubtedly enjoying more liberty and possessing more social properties than those were in lower class. The Civil War is conside red one of the most significant history events that happened in American history. The government abolished the slavery law after the war, which emancipated many black people from being slaves. Also, there were many women going outside and finding jobs on their own. But under these circumstances

Nfl and Yoga - 1502 Words

Madison Moore Mrs. Kampa Eng 121 1 March 2016 Football Players Need Yoga When most Americans hear the word yoga, they think of a petite girl in a ponytail and leggings, carrying her purple yoga mat. This image has become so completely part of the culture of American yoga that the general response when suggesting yoga as a training method is either Thats for girls, or But Im not flexible. These responses were generated by an overall ignorance regarding yoga as a practice. Imagine, for a moment, a very large and muscular man with the soles of his feet together on the ground in butterfly pose. Now imagine that one man in a large room with twenty men much like him in the same yoga position. A scene like this is the new normal;†¦show more content†¦As shown, this dynamic stretching and strengthening will improve performance by increasing skill level, even in the range of joint motion in the hands. As each part of a persons body is improved in yoga, any NFL athlete will soon see the benefits of this training. Yoga is also proven to improve focus, which happens through focusing on breath and holding postures. This great side-effect can be carried over by football players to the field and help prevent any major distractions that could lead to injury. Awareness of surroundings and others is just one of the positive effects yoga will have on the mind. Many NFL players are known as hot-heads with short tempers. Luckily, yoga is a wonderful remedy to mind-related problems such as stress, finding a better connection to the body, and creating an overall happier athlete. Stress is a huge part of many professional athletes jobs, and with so many fans and so much riding upon their shoulders, football players feel this more than most. Yoga is not just strength and injury training; it will also soothe a high-strung feeling in athletes about the sport, or any other life worry. This is supported by the science of Natural Killer (NK) cells that are the bodys way of fighting stress. NK cells are clinically shown to increase with a constant yoga practice. For thisShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1701 Words   |  7 Pagescontracts over several years as a result of whether or not their players succeed on the field. College football is a necessary evil. If you want to go to the NFL, there are no loopholes, shortcuts, or ways around playing at the collegiate level first. The current rule prevents players fewer than three years removed from high school from entering the NFL Draft. Is three years too removed from high school too long to have to wait until being able to declare for the draft? Well, that’s an entirely differentRead MoreRicky Williams and Social Anxiety Disorder Essay1922 Words   |  8 Pagesby the University of Texas to play college football. While there, Williams broke several records and won the Heisman Trophy. In 1999, Williams was selected as the fifth pick of the NFL Draft by the New Orleans Saints as its only draft pick, marking the first time that one player was chosen as the only draft pick of an NFL team. (Ricky Williams, 04) Ricky Williams later on had six children by three different women. In 2009 he married the last woman who gave birth to his youngest child. He isRead MoreMarketing1226 Words   |  5 Pagescars, electronics and traveling are mostly targeted for men and women that may be neglected in the development of these products and the marketing. Some businesses are now marketing towards women as well such as sports businesses. This may be because NFL fans consist of 44% women (Time Magazine, n.d.), and 50% of products typically marketing to men are purchased by women (Billings, n.d.). I believe that companies that target towards mostly women may obtain a successful business. 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Nike is among the sole companies that took note that, â€Å"Americans are wearing yoga pants, running gear and basketball shoes not just to-and-from the gym, but also around town.† (Fortune). Active wear is suddenly chic. They noticed that Americans find that athletic gear is comfortable after all. Analysts say that the attention manufacturersRead MoreEvaluation Argument On Nascar Driver Elite Athletes965 Words   |  4 PagesSusan Neilson English 1010-126717 Evaluation Argument October 25, 2011 NASCAR Drivers Elite Athletes In 2011 Golden Tate, Detroit Lions wide receiver, tweeted that driving a car does not make someone athletic. In 2013 Donovan McNabb, retired NFL quarterback, made a comment that he did not consider Jimmie Johnson an athlete. The remarks were fueled when Jimmie Johnson, six-time champion in NASCAR’s Sprint Cup Series, was nominated for Best Male Athlete at ESPN’s Espy Awards in 2011. Merriam-WebsterRead MoreWhy Investing Of Nike Stocks Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagespeople wear athletic clothing regardless if they intend go to the gym or not that day. People are wearing it to the office, shopping, to run errands and other social events. Athleisure wear consist of articles of clothing such as spandex, leggings, yoga pants, sports bras and fashionable sweats. Over the last 10 years an increase in athleisure wear has spread at a rapid rate globally, particularly in the women’s fashion industry. Since 2013 the increase in athleisure wear apparel has grown by 14%Read MoreWhy Investing Of Nike Stocks Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagespeople wear athletic clothing regardless if they intend go to the gym or not that day. People are wearing it to the office, shopping, to run errands and other social events. Athleisure wear consist of articles of clothing such as spandex, leggings, yoga pants, sports bras and fashionable sweats. Over the last 10 years an increase in athleisure wear has spread at a rapid rate globally, particularly in the women’s fashion industry. Since 2013 the increase in athleisure wear apparel has grown by 14%Read MoreMarcom Tactics for Gatorade G22287 Words   |  10 Pagessponsorships of college events offer control to G2 as it enables them to target college students who will be following the events through media. (Free-band TV News, 5 February 2010) * Product Placements The placement of G2 on the side-lines of NFL, NBA and Major League Baseball helps increasing its visibility. For example Josh Hamilton after scoring his 28th home run in MLB was offered a bottle of G2 and a towel with Gatorade symbol by a team-mate in front of media which did marvels for G2 inRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book A New Baby 2267 Words   |  10 PagesGolden Globe for Best Motion Picture - Drama and also nominated for Best Screenplay (â€Å"Awards†). Like my father and grandfather, I became a huge sports fan. On the day of my birth, Jason Elam, the kicker for my beloved Denver Broncos, kicked an NFL record 63-yard field goal, helping the Broncos earn a 37-24 victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars (â€Å"DatabaseSports†). About four months later, Elam and the Broncos were holding the Lombardi Trophy as they brought home their second consecutive Super

The Role of Family in Japan Free Essays

string(35) " were beneficial to the companies\." After the end of the Cold War, Japan had suffered a relatively long period of recession since its economic bubble burst. It desperately needed an economic revival. In order to do so, it needed to concentrate on the operations of the political and economic structure of its society and the ways the Japanese individuals interacted within that structure. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Family in Japan or any similar topic only for you Order Now This structure is one that the people have created themselves to be the accepted norm, meaning the accepted way that people should act and how things should be in Japan.Many conformed and contributed to this way of life and others rebelled against this structure. The key role that helped facilitate this type of social structure is the family, by its function of mediating between the society and individuals. The family, whether it is a â€Å"nuclear† family or an extended family made up of different types of members, was a very important unit in society that played the essential role of fulfilling the emotional and physical needs of the individuals which was crucial for social and economic development.The family acts as a catalyst that affected various aspects of the model societal structure and by doing so, the structure continues to revolve around the role and ideology of the family. Some aspects of the social structure it strongly influenced and continues to influence are the employment system, education, technology, and even protests against the very structure. The individual roles of the family members played an important factor in the employment system. Japanese families had an underlying gender ideology.Therefore, it was no surprise that the society developed into a patriarchal system with men as heads of the households who would most likely provide the financial support f or the family and with women in charge of taking care of the children and the home. In Japan’s social structure, people believed that women should just concentrate on doing household work and leave working outside the house to men. In the article â€Å"A Postwar History of Women Workers,† author Kumazawa Makoto states that â€Å"Japanese common sense renders the idea of women working outside the household as of secondary importance (162). Due to this prejudice, women who have decided to go against the norm and get a job outside the household have not been granted equality with men in the employment system. While men were able to possess jobs that used their brains or special skills, women were restricted to simple tasks since they continued to be idealized by the â€Å"good wife, wise mother† doctrine practiced widely in the Japanese community. Even the Labor Standards Law’s first priority was to create measures that maintained the health of women workers so they could remain dutiful wives and mothers while working.The law provided women the right to a six weeks’ leave before and after childbirth, the right to request leave to take care of a child, the right to paid leave during me nstruation, a cap on overtime work, and prohibition of wage differentials based on sex. These were all measures to protect the women so they could serve their country by bearing more children. In the article â€Å"The Grass Seeds and Women’s Roles,† author Sasaki-Uemura states that â€Å"women’s patriotic duty was cast in terms of bearing children (116). Although the new constitution of 1947 established the principle of â€Å"the basic equality of the sexes† and granted women political and civil rights such as the rights to vote and hold office, equal rights to education, and equality of husband and wife in a democratic family system, it remained a practice to continue employing submissive women in unskilled or semi-skilled jobs that only required manual dexterity with low wages. In the prewar period, female workers were largely employed in the textile industry.In the first postwar decade, most females were still working in low-waged factories even after the revision of the constitution. However, some female workers landed jobs in banks. Nevertheless, in the banks, â€Å"the male employees typically ordered the women workers to do all the cleaning, prepare tea for the men, go out to buy them cigarettes, bread, or milk, and wash their handkerchiefs and socks, and management viewed this as a â€Å"natural† part of their job (Makoto 164). However, the men should instead be thankful to the women for â€Å"what securely opened up this route for male workers was the removal of women workers from this competitive upward track and their permanent restriction to work at the bottom level (Makoto 167). † With women workers in the employment system, men were able to freely pursue high paying jobs that women could not. Although these women were outside of their households trying to escape from their roles as housewives and mothers, they were unable to do so due to the discrimination that ties them to their familial role as â€Å"good wives, wise mothers. The roles of the men and women in families are what influenced the employment system to be strongly based on gender and what allowed men to climb up the hierarchical ladder of the employment system while women were held back to hold the low-waged positions. Aside from the gender-based division of labor and wage differentials, Japanese women had to adjust their careers to fit their family obligations which also affected the employment system. Many working women reaching the time for marriage made the â€Å"natural† choice to quit working to prepare for motherhood.Accepting their role in the family, â€Å"they did not want to neglect their family for the sake of a job (Makoto 177). † After these women quit their jobs to attend to thei r families, they returned to the household to accept their full responsibilities as both wives and mothers. While some possessed a traditional state of mind and stayed as homemakers upon getting married or having children, others returned to the work force after their childbearing days were done. Thus, the employment for women dropped in their mid-twenties and later rose, resulting in an M-shaped graph.Since women had this â€Å"in-and-out† working pattern, most held part-time jobs which were beneficial to the companies. You read "The Role of Family in Japan" in category "Family" â€Å"Managers believe that hiring part-time women allows saving in wage costs and facilitates adjustments in the number of employees as needed (Makoto 182). † With women contributing greatly to the company, their presence was indispensable in the employment system and ultimately in the Japanese economy. Since women were still subject to mistreatment and inequality after the revision of the constitution, women decided to lead protests in hopes of winning the rights they were granted on paper and changing the employment system.Women â€Å"fought for the abolition of wage differentials based on gender, the enforcement of laws protecting women, and the â€Å"abolition of feudalism (Mako to 164)† in the workplace. Fortunately, through their struggles, women were able to force companies to retract their policies of compulsory retirement upon marriage and create movements that compelled them to â€Å"respect laws protecting married working mothers and to establish day care centers in particular regions (Makoto 168). Eventually with a considerable amount of movements led by women with their goal of separating their role in the family from their ability to work, the system of seniority which created a gender-based division changed to a system of meritocracy. This new qualification system based on workers’ abilities was a new change in the employment system that gave single and married women the opportunity to be at the same level and of competition to men. Education is another aspect of the social structure that has been brought about by the discourse of family.The Japanese has been known to be hard-working people. For them to succeed in their jobs and to climb to the top of the hierarchical order, they believed that they need a strong education. Their education would be utilized as their foundation to surpass others in order to become â€Å"elites† in the society and which would later be a necessary means to provide financially for their families. Mothers played an important role i n the education of their children. Mothers obtained reputations in the society for the amount of care and extent of preparation for their children.They had a nickname of kyoiku mama which meant â€Å"a mother so committed to furthering the education of her child that she does everything from sharpening pencils, making midnight snacks, and pouring tea for a studying child to consulting with teachers; investigating the range of schools, tutors, and cram schools available; and boning up on subjects where her child is deficient (107)† states author Anne Allison from the article â€Å"Producing Mothers. † Parents, especially the mothers, are pressured by the competition in society to do anything that would make their children succeed and surpass others in life.Thus, parents start the education of their children at a very young age. At both school and home, the children are taught discipline, social skills, and how to act properly within the social structure of Japan in preparation for their bright futures. A s a result, the role of children was to be good students that go to school. â€Å"Even play is organized into a lesson or structure that will mold the child into a good student (Allison 109). † If they followed this path of education, they are on the â€Å"normative path† which is in other words, the successful path.Due to the pressures of the family to be successful, children have learned the ability to be good at test taking and memorization. The emphasis on education by the parents had created a gakureki shakai where society was based on academic records and accomplishments. It was an extreme type of meritocracy where the students’ academic records translated into the place they would later occupy in the society. According to Japanese journalist Honda Katsuichi, Japan has converted into a tadpole society owing to the education given to the children.He claims that â€Å"the Japanese behavioral principle is like that of tadpoles. Japanese looks around and does what others are doing. Hence, Japanese have trouble with theory, logic, and ethics. In order to create a tadpole society, the Ministry of Education defines education as regurgitation. The Ministry of Education decides what is good to think, while denigrating individual opinions (Lecture 5-10-10). † The kyoiku mama phenomenon instilled education into the lives of their children which created the tadpole society and the gakureki shakai.Education did not always have a positive effect on the students. With the goal of trying to be successful in society, students were overwhelmed with the constant stress-inducing pressures to study given by their teachers and mothers. Some students turned to living their lives as â€Å"neets† as an act of protest against the education system. â€Å"Neets† stands for â€Å"Not in education, employment, or training. † These neets are freeloaders who did not plan to contribute to the society. They rebelled against the â€Å"normative path† that others insisted on taking.The discourse of family attempted to conform children in the education system but had failed to do so in the case of the neets. What sparked the revival of the economy was the increase in domestic consumption; more clearly, the increase of consumption in the family within the society. Families were the major targets for the consumer sales market with their increasing buying power. They were able to afford and consume technological appliances that were not available to them before such as the â€Å"three sacred treasures†: electric washing machines, refrigerators, and televisions. Later on, appliances such as rice cookers and vacuum cleaners were invented to help â€Å"good wives, wise mothers† in the household and improve the living situations of the Japanese. More or less, technology, another aspect of the social structure, was revolved around the necessities of the family to help improve their quality of life. Another reason that the discourse of family has facilitated the social structure of technology is that robots are now being created in Japan to deal with the social problems created by the changing structure of the family.These robots are gendered as females and are created to help with the household chores known as women work. While women are out working in the workforce and the youth such as neets not working, a social issue concerning the elderly arose. â€Å"With scarcely any public care facilities, it was the job of most housewives to take care of their in-laws (Allison 133). † Women were leaving the elderly behind to attend to thei r jobs. Also, with the youth not working, there was a shift in demographics. There would be a social security problem where there are too many elderly retiring and not enough youth to support them.This is where the robots and technology come in to help the elderly in doing certain tasks and serving as companions that were originally the job of the housewives. The role and ideology of the family is the core of the social structure. The structure revolved and continues to adjust its operations to that of the family. The family affected the many structures of Japan such as the employment system, education, technology, and protests against the structures. As for the employment system, men took up the role as salary men which pushed homemaking as the chief role for women. These roles allowed the employment system to be a gender-based system in favor of the men. Women protested against this system and fought for equality of the sexes which successfully shifted the gender-based system into one based on the ability and skills of the worker, regardless of gender. Parents strongly believed that there was a connection between the success as students and their future success as adults. Thus, they pushed education onto their children for the sake of their bright futures and their future families.However, this led to a tadpole and gakureki shakai society where students were homogeneous. As for technology, there was a change in consumption and companies began to market more household appliances to meet the needs of the family. Also, â€Å"in order to solve human problems, the Japanese government use technology instead of other humans (Lecture 5-26-10). † The problems regarding the elderly were created by women escaping from their roles as housewives into the workforce and by the youth who did not want to conform to the education system.Robots were created for care giving to the elderly. The various aspects of the structure are all intertwined and related to the notion of family. Without the family roles, ideology, and structure, the social structure in Japan would probably be in chaos and without order. The family is an irreplaceable and indispensable factor that facilitated the operations of the political and economic structure of the Japanese society, creating the prosperous economy it has today. How to cite The Role of Family in Japan, Essays

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